Friday, April 30, 2010

Should the NAACP Have Taken Money from Wells Fargo? Dr. Boyce and Ben Jealous Give their Points of View

theGRIO SPEAKS




NAACP Lending Principles for Banks

 

In light of the article I wrote challenging the partnership between the NAACP and Wells Fargo, the company accused of predatory lending in the Black community (click here to read the article), I thought I'd publicly share the NAACP lending principles that were sent to me by one of the NAACP spokes people.   In spite of the fact that I am not accusing the NAACP of illegal or unethical behavior, I still hold to the fact that the following must be true:

1) There should be public accountability and transparency regarding the nature of the deal between the NAACP and Wells Fargo.  That includes the amount of the sponsorship and all contractual commitments between the NAACP and Wells Fargo.

2) Simply agreeing to stop predatory lending is not enough, since there must be compensation given to the African-American community for tens of billions of dollars in lost wealth due to the racial discriminatory practices of Wells Fargo. 

The NAACP Banking Principles on Fairness in Lending are Below:

 

Mortgage foreclosures, excessive subprime mortgage interest rates, and hindered access to prime mortgage loans have had an inordinate impact on people of color and other historically disadvantaged borrowers. These practices have resulted in adverse effects even beyond the actual borrowers themselves. Home values have been depressed as a result of these practices, and in general people of color and their families have become increasingly vulnerable to loss of shelter, home security, equity, and wealth—even if they do not have subprime loans. To encourage transparency and fairness in the processes associated with obtaining quality loans and improved relationships between financial institutions and people of color and other historically disadvantaged borrowers, the NAACP has developed the following principles.

1. Loan terms will not be determined by a borrower’s race, ethnicity, gender, national origin, sexual orientation, language preference, disability, religion/creed, or age, except as otherwise permitted or required by law. Additionally, loan terms will not be determined by factors designed to serve as proxies (e.g., zip codes) for the above categories. Loan terms will not be determined by subjective underwriting without controls to prevent inappropriate bias or discrimination. Similarly situated borrowers (i.e., borrowers with similar underwriting characteristics, including credit scores, debt ratios, loan-to-value ratios, etc.) will receive comparable loan terms on identical or comparable loan products.

2. Every borrower will have the option of selecting a loan product that is appropriate for his or her circumstances. Borrowers will first be presented with loan product choices that are consistent with their financial circumstances. Lenders will determine whether borrowers are eligible for prime loan products and, if so, the borrowers will be presented with prime product options. Additionally, information will be provided to the borrowers about available conventional and Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loan products in order for the borrowers to fully understand their options. Borrowers with good payment histories and demonstrated improvement in credit performance and other risk factors will be considered by their existing lenders for loan refinancing that result in improved loan terms.

3. Institutions will seek to eliminate policies or practices that encourage biased and exploitive behaviors toward borrowers. Lending institutions will disclose in good faith the loan fees associated with each loan and will conduct periodic audits of files, policies, and practices to ensure an environment—in lending, credit, and payment options—that is free of bias toward borrowers. Additionally, lenders who sell loans on the secondary market to third parties will also observe these fairness principles and will refrain from charging usurious interest rates.

4. Borrowers will be approved only for loans they have a current ability to repay. Borrowers will receive loans that they demonstrate the ability to repay, even in the event of a rate increase. Adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs) and other loans will not be underwritten at the “teaser rate,” but rather at the fully indexed interest rate. Standard adjustable rate loan products will be clearly identified as such to borrowers, so they are fully aware of the terms of the ARM loan products and the possibility of interest rate and payment increases.

5. Each policy may be maintained and monitored for its racial impact. Fairness is measured not only in terms of intent, but also impact. Policies will reflect a demonstrated effort to ameliorate negative outcomes based on race or ethnicity. Each institution will have internal controls to determine overall, and within the subprime community of loans issued by the institution, that its neutral practices do not have an unlawful adverse impact based on grounds of race, sex, color, or ethnicity.

6. All borrowers will have access to free information, online and in print, that will help them understand and improve the quality of their loans. The terms of each loan will be provided to the borrower and explained in plain and simple language. The terms of the loan will be in a large font and easily legible to those who are not severely vision-impaired. If the borrower is fluent in Spanish but not English, the loan disclosures and documents will be translated. In the case of other languages, borrowers without access to loan translation expertise will be referred to phone-based or other translation services that are familiar with loan terms and conditions. All borrowers should be able to clearly understand the terms of their loan products.

7. Lenders will work with borrowers to prevent foreclosures. Loan servicers will consider foreclosure to be the “last resort” and will explore all appropriate alternatives before completing a foreclosure sale. Because these matters impact borrowers, their neighbors, and the institution, we believe it wise for the institution to engage in extended good-faith efforts to do all that it can to prevent foreclosures. Lenders and their affiliates will not operate using a business model intentionally designed to profit from a foreclosure.

8. Lending institutions will support and implement the inclusion of diverse suppliers in their contracting and partnership decisions. Financial institutions will establish aspirational and measurable goals and develop supplier programs that ensure the inclusion of businesses owned by women- and people of color wherever contracting and partnership opportunities present themselves. Goals will be, at the very least, to reflect the various racial, ethnic, and gender compositions of the general population.

9. Workforce diversity is important to fair decision making and expanded opportunity for economic development. From the boardroom to the cubicle, the workforce continuum will reflect the diversity of the nation. As financial institutions establish inclusive business policies, so too will there be a measurable effort to employ a workforce that is reflective of the growing diversity of the nation—at all decision-making levels within the institution.




Bob Johnson's Wife is Ashamed of BET

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

Thirty years ago, with $15,000 dollars in seed money and another $500,000 in bank loans, Sheila Crump Johnson and her ex-husband, Bob Johnson founded Black Entertainment Television. Since that time, the couple has earned over $1 billion dollars from their tiny investment, and BET is a household name. They sold the company to Viacom in 2000 for $1.3 billion, making them richer than Oprah Winfrey.

Now, the 60-year old woman who founded the company with her husband says that she is ashamed of the channel:
"Don't even get me started," says Mrs. Johnson. "I don't watch it. I suggest to my kids that they don't watch it... I'm ashamed of it, if you want to know the truth."

Johnson goes on to admit that BET may be contributing to the spread of AIDS in the black community by promoting raunchy, unprotected sex in rap music videos.
"When we started BET, it was going to be the Ebony magazine on television," Johnson told The Daily Beast. "We had public affairs programming. We had news... I had a show called Teen Summit, we had a large variety of programming, but the problem is that then the video revolution started up... And then something started happening, and I didn't like it at all. And I remember during those days we would sit up and watch these videos and decide which ones were going on and which ones were not. We got a lot of backlash from recording artists...and we had to start showing them. I didn't like the way women were being portrayed in these videos."

 

Click to read




Thursday, April 29, 2010

Dr. Boyce Talks With Latino Studies Professor Alan Aja on What You Need to Know About Immigration

Dr. Boyce Talks With Latino Studies Professor Alan Aja on What You Need to Know About Immigration

Dr. Boyce Video on AOL Black Voices - 4/28/10

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Dr. Boyce Video: Latino Studies Professor on What You Need to Know About Immigration

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Dr. Boyce Video -- Michael Bivins of Bel Biv DeVoe & Alfred Edmond of Black Enterprise on African American Music & Business

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Dr. Boyce Video -- Talking Black Finance With Expert Ryan Mack




Tuesday, April 27, 2010

Dr. Boyce Watkins Talking Black Finance With Expert Ryan Mack

Dr. Boyce Watkins Talking Black Finance With Expert Ryan Mack

Dr. Boyce Talks With Michael Bivins of Bel Biv DeVoe & Alfred Edmond of Black Enterprise on African American Music & Business

Dr. Boyce Talks With Michael Bivins of Bel Biv DeVoe & Alfred Edmond of Black Enterprise on African American Music & Business

Dr. Boyce Watkins and Al Sharpton Discuss Henry Louis Gates' NY Times Article About "Slavery Blame Game"

Dr. Boyce Watkins and Al Sharpton Discuss Henry Louis Gates' NY Times Article About "Slavery Blame Game"

Dr. Boyce Watkins and Al Sharpton Discuss Henry Louis Gates' NY Times Article About "Slavery Blame Game"

Dr. Boyce Watkins and Al Sharpton Discuss Henry Louis Gates' NY Times Article About "Slavery Blame Game"

Monday, April 26, 2010

Dr. Boyce on MSNBC's TheGrio.com - 4/27/10




Are Black Women Victims of a Bad Dating Situation?

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by Lola Adesioye, Huffington Post

Over the past few months, black women and their relationships - or should I say, lack thereof - have been getting a lot of attention. The Washington Posthas done a couple of features on it. Then ABC'sNightline did a show asking why there are so many single black women.

All of a sudden the mainstream media is taking a keen interest in our love lives. We are being told that there is a 'crisis' amongst black women, particularly educated professional women, who are apparently unable to find a 'decent' black man.

Last night, ABC continued once again, with the airing of "Why Can't a Successful Black Woman Find a Man?," a taped discussion featuring Hill Harper, Steve Harvey, The View's Sherri Shepherd and others.

There's no doubt that it's a topic that sparks heated debates and discussions amongst black women and men. It has for years. But is it really that bad? Or is the media - now that it has found a hot topic - exploiting this issue for all that it's worth? I'm an educated black woman and I personally have no problem with meeting eligible, educated, great black men. Whether or not I choose to date them is another thing, but they are out there.

I am somewhat perturbed by the slew of stories on this topic. They are negative, unhelpful and only serve to perpetuate negative ideas about black men and women which often become self-fullfiling. They basically say 'oh, poor black women. They try so hard yet can't find a decent man ... Boo hoo, black women are victims. Ooh, it's all the fault of those pathetic black men. You know, they have no education or are locked up in jail.' Sorry, but I do not subscribe to that view.

 

Click to read




Saturday, April 24, 2010

Dr. Boyce Watkins: The NCAA Signs a Huge Deal and Players Get Almost Nothing

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

The NCAA just got a bit richer this year, signing a new contract with CBS Sports and Turner Sports for $10.8 billion dollars over 14 years. This contract is a 41% increase over the mammoth deal they originally signed back in 2001. They are also going to expand their tournament field to 68 teams, from the original 65. This is not the total annual revenue for the league. Instead, it simply represents the television rights to air March Madness each year.


The league also has a $55 million dollar, three-year contract with ESPN for the womens basketball tournament and 21 other NCAA championships. Beyond that, the league is also attempting to sell the rights to 60 other national national championships. To make a long story short, the NCAA is making money hand over fist and it's all because they have the biggest, baddest, most entertaining product that "hoods" across America can produce.


As a Finance scholar and businessman, when I hear that someone is working to "sell" something and get money in return, I think about free enterprise and capitalism. I think about the fact that someone (that someone being the NCAA) is working overtime to ensure that they get fair market value for the product they are offering to the world. These ideas of free enterprise also translate to college basketball coaches, many of whom earn as much as $4 million dollars per year, with salaries on par with NBA coaches. In fact, the NCAA earns more money during its post-season tournament than the NFL, NBA and Major League baseball. These are all the symptoms of a professional sports league, and some argue that college athletes should be paid for their work.

Click to read




Dr. Boyce on ABC News: Financial Questions You Should Ask Your Partner

by Dr. Boyce Watkins, Finance Professor - Syracuse University

As a Finance Professor, I find it incredibly ironic that many people get married without talking about money. They talk about every kind of compatibility from emotional, to spiritual, sexual, and professional, but they seldom take the time necessary to ensure that they can tolerate the idea of sharing their financial life with a person who may not be on the same page. This problem is compounded in black relationships, where many women describe economic hurdles as one of the reasons that black women have trouble finding the right mate.

 

Click to read more




Friday, April 23, 2010

Where Henry Louis Gates Has it Wrong about Slavery

Henry Louis Gates gets slavery's history all wrong

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

Harvard Professor Henry Louis Gates Jr. recently wrote an interesting piece for the New York Times called, "Ending the Slavery Blame Game." In the piece, Gates effectively argues that the fight for reparations is convoluted and somewhat mitigated by the fact that African elites participated in the slave trade. While describing complex business deals made between some African leadership and the Europeans who brought Africans to the New World, it almost appears as though Gates is saying that this disturbing relationship somehow undermines the right of African-Americans to hold our government accountable for its involvement in crimes committed against our people.

At very least, I am under the assumption that by "ending the slavery blame game," Gates is arguing that we should stop blaming the United States government and white America for the rape, murder, castration, lynching and beating of our ancestors.

Sorry Dr. Gates, but I must respectfully (or perhaps not so respectfully) disagree. If a young girl is sold into prostitution by her own parents, the pimp must still pay for the suffering he caused the young woman. He can't simply say, "Her parents made a deal with me, so you should stop the blame game."

In other words, the United States, as a broad and powerful industrial entity, benefited from slavery to the tune of several trillion dollars. Much of this wealth was passed down from one white man to another, and was always out of the grasp of the black men, women and children who gave their lives on American soil in order to earn it. As a result, the median net worth of the African-American family is roughly one-tenth that of white American families and we have consistently higher unemployment due to our inability to create jobs, since white Americans own most businesses. These facts hold true without regard to how the African-American holocaust started in the first place. They also hold true because wealth and power are commodities that are passed down inter-generationally, and we missed out on all of this because we were slaves. What occurred after we left Africa can and must be considered independently from what happened while our forefathers were in the mother land.

 

 

Click to read




Dr. Boyce: T-Pain's Ignorance Can't be Afforded by Our Community

by Dr. Boyce Watkins, Syracuse University

I recently received an interesting email from a friend of mine. The email was linked to a video about the singer T-Pain, and reminded her of a conversation she and I'd just had a day earlier. The gist of our discussion was that there are far too many of "us" who enjoy being ignorant and uninformed. While this certainly doesn't define the bulk of the African American community, there are some of us who are proud of the fact that we don't read, don't understand things and don't want to educate ourselves. Even the actor Will Smith recalls hiding his books on the way home from school, since he didn't want his friends to know that he studied.

T-Pain
seems to be determined to take ignorance to a new level. Known as the artist who once showed up to an awards show wearing a necklace with the words "Big Ass Chain" on it, Pain was made to look really silly by Fox News conservative Sean Hannity, who tricked the artist into endorsing the Republican party.

 

Click to read more




Thursday, April 22, 2010

National Action Network's Measuring the Movement Forum

Dr. Boyce Watkins Participates in National Action Network's Measuring the Movement Forum

Tuesday, April 20, 2010

Dr. Boyce Watkins Discusses "Measuring the Movement" Forum with Al Sharpton on Keeping It Real

Dr. Boyce Watkins Discusses "Measuring the Movement" Forum and other current events with Al Sharpton on Keeping It Real

Dr. Dorothy Height Passes

 

Height will forever be a towering figure

 

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

Dorothy Height was born on the same day as my father (March 24). I'm not sure if that means anything, but it sure feels significant to me. Like my father, Height has had a dramatic influence on how I see the world, and what it means to have courage. She was accepted to Barnard College (the sister school for Columbia University), but not allowed to attend the school because they'd already accepted their two black students for the year. When my goddaughter takes it for granted that she attends Barnard today, I remind her of the struggles of Dorothy Height.

Barnard eventually apologized to Height for not admitting her to the university, but some apologies come entirely too late. By the age of 68, Dorothy had reached retirement age: too old to attend Barnard, but still young and restless in her tireless quest for social justice. Her journey for justice would continue another 30 years after the 1980 apology by the university. This reminds us that it's never too late for us to start changing the world, and the best time to start that process is now.
Representing the beauty of Delta Sigma Theta, Inc, Height served as president of the organization for over a decade. She also advised kings and queens in America, standing next to Dr. Martin Luther King in addition to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Lyndon B. Johnson. She reminded Eisenhower that black kids should be allowed to attend the same schools as whites, and helped President Johnson understand that black women deserve to serve at the highest levels of government.

 

Click to read more about the passing of Dorothy Height




Lola Adesioye: Do Tea Partiers Even Know What Socialism Means?

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Click to watch Lola Adesioye talk about the Tea Party Movement




Dorothy Height Dies at 98 Years Old

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

 

Dorothy Height was born on the same day as my father (March 24). I’m not sure if that means anything, but it sure feels significant to me. Like my father, Height has had a dramatic influence on how I see the world, and what it means to have courage. She was accepted to Barnard College (the sister school for Columbia University), but not allowed to attend the school because they’d already accepted their two black students for the year. When my God daughter takes it for granted that she attends Barnard today, I remind her of the struggles of Dorothy Height.

Barnard eventually apologized to Height for not admitting her to the university, but some apologies come entirely too late. By the age of 68, Dorothy had reached retirement age: too old to attend Barnard, but still young and restless in her tireless quest for social justice. Her journey for justice would continue another 30 years after the 1980 apology by the university, nearly as long as the life of Jesus. This reminds us that it’s never too late for us to start changing the world, and the best time to start that process is now.

Representing the beauty of Delta Sigma Theta, Inc, Height served as president of the organization for over a decade. She also advised kings and queens in America, standing next to Dr. Martin Luther King in addition to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Lyndon B. Johnson. She reminded Eisenhower that black kids should be allowed to attend the same schools as whites, and helped President Johnson understand that black women deserve to serve at the highest levels of government. Sadly enough, she was the only woman among the “big six” figures in the Civil Rights Movement, which reminds us that part of our journey on the path to equality means that we must be willing to honestly look at ourselves in the mirror. Even 40 years after the epic struggle of Height, King and others, we still find that only men are usually invited to the table of black leadership. This has got to change, for hypocrisy should not have a workspace in the house of black liberation.

The “God mother of the women’s movement” never wasted a second on her quest to make the black family stronger. She sacrificed her own opportunity to marry and have children to open the door for other women to have happy families of their own. As one of the sponsors of the Black Family Reunion, an event that takes place in Washington DC, Height has helped strengthen one of the most important institutions within the African American community.

Height’s affiliation with The National Council for Negro Women is nothing short of legendary. Chairing the organization for 50 years, Height helped shape the vision and inspiration for millions of women, their children and their grand children. She was even primed to head to the White House with Al Sharpton, Marc Morial and Ben Jealous this year to meet with President Obama. Only a snow storm of historic proportions could slow down the 98-year old who never stopped creating storms of her own.

There is no other Dorothy Height, and I wonder if there ever will be. Dorothy reminds us that even long lives are far too short, and that the time for action is now. There is a little bit of Dorothy inside all of us and we must insist upon carrying the torch.

Dr. Boyce Watkins is the founder of the Your Black World Coalition and the initiator of the National Conversation on Race. He is also the author of the book, "Black American Money. For more information, please visit BoyceWatkins.com.




Monday, April 19, 2010

The Latest from Dr. Boyce on AOL Black Voices - 4/19/10

 

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Harvard's Charles Ogletree Describes Sharpton's Link to Obama

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The Black Agenda: Wealth-Building Must Top the List - Dr. Boyce Money

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Officer Charged With Beating a Motorist

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Financial Lovemaking: Tiger, Tiki and the High Cost of Cheating

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Jay-Z Sues Red Sox Slugger David Ortiz Over 40/40 Club Name

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Bill O'Reilly Gets Booed at Sharpton's National Convention

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President Obama Spends $18 Billion on Jobless Benefits

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Police May Have Coerced Boys to Confess to Gang Rape of 7-Year-Old

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Former NAACP President Benjamin Hooks Dead at 85

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Man With HIV Knowingly Infected Women, Set to Be Released From Prison

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Kennedy Family Member Staying in Prison on Murder Conviction

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Mississippi Gov. Says Slavery Conversation is Not Important

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NBA Star Derrick Coleman is Now Broke: $87 Million Up in Smoke

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Michael Steele Tries to Explain Himself to Other Republicans

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Suspects Found in Slaying of Newlywed Couple




Dr. Boyce and Lola Adesioye Talk about the Black Agenda

by Lola Adesioye, Huffington Post - www.LolaCreative.com

Should there be a "black agenda" in America? And if the answer to that question is 'yes,' what is the black agenda?

These are the questions that black leaders and black people have been discussing more and more since President Obama took office. Last week, Reverend Al Sharpton hosted a leadership summit addressing this very issue. Today a group of black leaders got together on an MSNBC special to talk about this issue in more detail. And many will remember the on-air argument that Tavis Smiley and Rev Sharpton had a few weeks ago about this topic.

Tavis believes that Obama isn't doing enough. Sharpton believes that Obama need not 'ballyhoo' a black agenda. I think most agree, though, that something needs to be done.

With a 16.5% unemployment rate (compared to 9.7% for white Americans), an education system that is under serving black children, higher than average rates of death from diseases like breast cancer, and continued social issues, it is hard to disagree that there is need for some kind of targeted and focused approach to dealing with the issues that affect African-American. But many are divided on whether or not the president is doing enough for black people, whether or not it's incumbent on him to do anything at all, and what should or shouldn't be done.

 

Click to read




Saturday, April 17, 2010

Guest List for the National Black Leadership Forum in NYC

Host: Tom Joyner- Host, “Tom Joyner Morning Show”

Moderator: Roland Martin- TV- ONE’s “Washington Watch” / Political Commentator

Leadership Roundtable

Rev. Al Sharpton- President, National Action Network

Marc Morial- CEO, National Urban League

Ben Jealous- President &CEO, NAACP

Dr. Elsie Scott- President and CEO, Congressional Black Caucus Foundation (CBCF) in Washington, D.C.

Angela Sailor- Coalitions Director, Republican National Committee

Lezli Baskerville- - President & CEO, NAFEO- America’s Black Colleges and Universities

Congressman James Clyburn

Discussion Panel

Moderator: Roland Martin- TV- ONE’s “Washington Watch” / Political Commentator

Warren Ballentine- Host, “The Warren Ballentine Show”

Dr. Boyce Watkins- Assistant Professor, Finance- Syracuse University

Dr. Charles Ogletree- Professor, Harvard Law School

Jeff Johnson- BET Personality/ Political Motivator

Chuck D- Recording Artist

Judge Greg Mathis- Judge and Star of Court TV Series “The Judge Mathis Show”

Reverend Doctor Frederick D. Haynes III-

Senior Pastor, Friendship West Baptist Church, Dallas Texas

Michael Eric Dyson- Professor, Georgetown University/ Author

Hermene Hartman- President/CEO, Hartman Publishing Group, INC.

LaKimba B. DeSadier- Executive Director, The National Black Caucus of State Legislators

** Michael Blake- Associate Director, White House Office of Public Engagement& Deputy Associate Director of the Office of Intergovernmental Affairs

** Danny Bakewell




Wednesday, April 14, 2010

Boyce Watkins Discusses Open Supreme Court Seat with Rev. Al Sharpton

Boyce Watkins Discusses Open Supreme Court Seat with Rev. Al Sharpton

Nushawn Williams: Infected Women with HIV - Set to be Released from Prison

by Dr. Boyce Watkins

You may not know the name Nushawn Williams, but it's probably a name you need to know. You would especially want your daughter to know his name, as well as anyone else in the community who has reason to fear a more disturbing style of sexual predator for the new millenium.


Williams is in prison right now for knowingly infecting women with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. His victims were as young as 13 years old, and authorities believe he may have infected as many as 50 women prior to going to state prison in 1998. Police are working to keep Williams behind bars because they fear what might happen if he is released to the American public.
"He is prone to further sexual contact with underage individuals because of deficits in his emotional capacity to understand why this is wrong and attitudes that support these types of exploitive encounters. His emotional callousness, lack of remorse and impulsivity undermine important internal mechanisms for managing his sexual behavior," said examiner Jacob E. Hadden from the New York State Office of Mental Health. Authorities have determined that Williams suffers from a mental health abnormality that makes him incapable of understanding why his actions are wrong or harmful.


The possible release of Williams reminds us of the urgency of managing the public health alarm called HIV infection. African Americans are taking the lead in HIV infection rates, and what is also true is that the experience in our community is nothing less than a precursor to what is eventually going to happen all throughout America. What is most frightening about the case of Nushawn Williams is that he is probably not the only person deliberately spreading the disease: there are likely women and other men doing the same thing. To make matters worse, there are many in our community (and others) who are being incredibly irresponsible with their sexual behavior and infecting scores of people in the process.


As I felt empathy for celebrities like Magic Johnson and Eazy-E for their battles with HIV/AIDS, I wondered how many of us thought about the long list of partners they infected before finally getting their own positive test results. Did you ever think about the fact that many of those people are out in the community right now, quite a few of whom may have taken years to become aware of their HIV positive status? This is scary indeed, so the truth is that to protect yourself from the silent community killer, a general strategy of protection must be put into play.

 

Click to read




Saturday, April 10, 2010

Black Social Commentary at TheGrio - 4/10/10